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英语句子成分分析法结构解析

2023-09-20 16:42:10来源:互联网

摘要:很多同学对英语的句子成分搞不懂,所以就影响了他们的阅读和写作,以及做其他类型题目的能力。今天七考网小编为大家带来了英语句子成分分析,


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  很多同学对英语的句子成分搞不懂,所以就影响了他们的阅读和写作,以及做其他类型题目的能力。今天七考网小编为大家带来了英语句子成分分析,欢迎大家阅读!

  英语句子成分分析篇一

  一、句子成分

  (一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

  (二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

  例:划出下列句子的主语,并在括号内写出它的词性或充当的是什么从句。

  1. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.( )

  2. We often speak English in class.( )

  3. One-third of the students in this class are girls.( )

  4. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.( )

  5. Smoking does harm to the health.( )

  6. The rich should help the poor.( )

  7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.( )

  8. It is necessary to master a foreign language.( )

  (三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下:

  1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。

  如:He practices running every morning.

  2、复合谓语: (1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

  如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.

  (四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如:

  例:划出下列句子的表语,并在括号内写出它的词性或充当的是什么从句。

  1. Our teacher of English is an American.( )

  2. Is it yours?( )

  3. The weather has turned cold.( )

  4. The speech is exciting.( )

  5. Three times seven is twenty one?( )

  6. His job is to teach English.( )

  7. His hobby(爱好)is playing football.( )

  8. The machine must be out of order.( )

  9. Time is up. The class is over.( )

  10. The truth is that he has never been abroad.( )

  (五)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。

  例:划出下列句子的宾语,并在括号内写出它的词性或充当的是什么从句。

  1. They went to see an exhibition(展览)yesterday.( )

  2. The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.( )

  3. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.( )

  4. They helped the old with their housework yesterday.( )

  5. He pretended not to see me.( )

  6. I enjoy listening to popular music.( )

  7. I think(that)he is fit for his office.( )

  宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),

  例如:Lend me your dictionary, please.

  (2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:They elected him their monitor.

  英语句子成分分析篇二

  宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。

  例:划出下列句子的宾语补足语,并在括号内写出它的词性或充当的是什么从句。

  1. His father named him Dongming.( )

  2. They painted their boat white.( )

  3. Let the fresh air in.( )

  4. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.( )

  5. We saw her entering the room.( )

  6. We found everything in the lab in good order.( )

  7. We will soon make our city what your city is now.( )

  定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示:

  例:划出下列句子的定语,并在括号内写出它的词性或充当的是什么从句。

  1. Guilin is a beautiful city.( )

  2. China is a developing country; America is a developed country.( )

  3. There are thirty women teachers is our school.( )

  4. His rapid progress in English made us surprised.( )

  5. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.( )

  6. The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.( )

  7. He is reading an article about how to learn English.( )

  状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。可由以下形式表示:

  Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组)

  He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语)

  He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.(不定式短语)

  He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语)

  Wait a minute.(名词)

  Once you begin, you must continue.(状语从句)

  在括号内写出下列状语种类:

  How about meeting again at six?( )

  Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.( ) I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.( )

  Mr Smith lives on the third floor.( )

  She put the eggs into the basket with great care.( )

  She came in with a dictionary in her hand.( )

  In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.( ) He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.( )

  She works very hard though she is old.( )

  I am taller than he is.( )

  英语句子成分分析篇三

  简单句、并列句和复合句

  (一)句子种类两种分类法

  1、按句子的用途可分四种:

  1)陈述句(肯定、否定):He is six years old; She didn’t hear of you before.

  2)疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意):

  Do they like skating? How old is he?

  Is he six or seven years old?

  Mary can swim, can’t she?

  3)祈使句:Be careful, boys.

  Don’t talk in class.

  4)感叹句:How clever the boy is!

  2、按句子的结构可分三种:

  1)简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。

  e.g. He often reads English in the morning.

  Tom and Mike are American boys.

  She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.

  2) 并列句:由并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。

  e.g. You help him and he helps you.

  The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。

  3)复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。

  复合句包含:名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。

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